These controversies regarding the relationships between citizenship pressure, OCBs and CCBs may be due to ways in which OCBs are measured. During the literature, OCBs have generally been described as spontaneous behaviours and rated by colleagues or leaders (e.g.2). Other-rated measurements are unable to detect the behavioural motivations underlying OCBs1,eleven. https://www.youtube.com/shorts/ZsO9iQ1SGS4