These controversies concerning the relationships among the citizenship pressure, OCBs and CCBs may be due to ways that OCBs are calculated. During the literature, OCBs have frequently been defined as spontaneous behaviours and rated by colleagues or leaders (e.g.2). Other-rated measurements are unable to discover the behavioural motivations fundamental OCBs1,11. https://www.youtube.com/shorts/ZsO9iQ1SGS4